PVDF membrane bioreactors present a promising solution for wastewater treatment. However, optimizing their performance is crucial for achieving high treatment efficiency. This demands evaluating various factors such as membrane features, bioreactor configuration, and operational parameters. Methods

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) system has emerged as a promising method for treating wastewater due to its ability to achieve high removal rates of organic matter, nutrients, and suspended solids. MBRs combine the principles of biological treatment with membrane filtration, resulting in an efficient and

Nanobubbles are emerging as a groundbreaking solution in the agricultural sector. These tiny gas bubbles, measuring just nanometers in diameter, possess unique properties that boost plant growth and crop yields. By introducing nanobubbles into irrigation systems or soil amendments, farmers can ampli